The idea of regrowing teeth may seem like science fiction, but in Japan, it’s edging closer to reality. Leading this groundbreaking effort is Dr. Katsu Takahashi, an oral surgeon based at Kitano Hospital in Osaka. His team has discovered that humans possess dormant tooth buds—a third set of teeth that typically remain undeveloped.
Their research pinpointed a protein, USAG-1, which inhibits these buds from forming. By creating an antibody drug to neutralize this protein, the scientists have triggered tooth regrowth, achieving success first in mice and ferrets, and now advancing to human trials.
The journey began in the 1990s at Kyoto University, with a pivotal moment in 2005 when mice deficient in USAG-1 sprouted additional teeth.
Fast forward to 2024, and clinical trials in Kyoto are underway, targeting adults who have lost molars. Looking ahead, the team plans to test the drug in 2025 on children born with missing teeth. If successful, this cutting-edge treatment could render dentures obsolete, with a projected availability by 2030.
Significant hurdles remain, including ensuring the teeth grow correctly and confirming the therapy’s durability in humans. Yet, with Japan’s aging demographic in focus, this advancement holds the potential to redefine dental care entirely.
